Question

Write the main difference between an acid and a base. With the help of suitable examples explain the term neutralization and the formation of -
(i) acidic
(ii) basic and
(iii) neutral salts

Hard

Solution

Verified by  GMS

Acid	Base
1. Turns blue litmus red	1. Turns red litmus blue
2. sour in taste	2. Bitter in taste
3. Release H+ ions in water	3. Release OH− ions in water
4. pH is less than 7	4. pH is more than 7
5. Example. HCl	5. Example. NaOH

Neutralization is a type of chemical reaction in which an acid and base react to form salt and water with the evolution of heat.
 i) When neutralisation of a strong acid with a weak base takes place, it leads to the formation of acidic salt. Example:
HCl+NH4​OH→NH4​Cl+H2​O
ii) When neutralisation of a Weak Acid with a Strong Base takes place, it leads to the formation of basic salt. Example:
NaOH+CH3​COOH→CH3​COO−Na++H2​O
iii) When neutralisation of a Strong Acid with a Strong Base takes place, it leads to the formation of neutral salt. Example:
NaOH+HCl→NaCl+H2​O